Stat-tracks and mediotypes: powerful tools for modern ichnology based on 3D models
نویسندگان
چکیده
Vertebrate tracks are subject to a wide distribution of morphological types. A single trackmaker may be associated with a range of tracks reflecting individual pedal anatomy and behavioural kinematics mediated through substrate properties which may vary both in space and time. Accordingly, the same trackmaker can leave substantially different morphotypes something which must be considered in creating ichnotaxa. In modern practice this is often captured by the collection of a series of 3D track models. We introduce two concepts to help integrate these 3D models into ichnological analysis procedures. The mediotype is based on the idea of using statistically-generated three-dimensional track models (median or mean) of the type specimens to create a composite track to support formal recognition of a ichno type. A representative track (mean and/or median) is created from a set of individual reference tracks or from multiple examples from one or more trackways. In contrast, stat-tracks refer to other digitally generated tracks which may explore variance. For example, they are useful in: understanding the preservation variability of a given track sample; identifying characteristics or unusual track features; or simply as a quantitative comparison tool. Both concepts assist in making ichnotaxonomical interpretations and we argue that they should become part of the standard procedure when instituting new ichnotaxa. As three-dimensional models start to become a standard in publications on vertebrate ichnology, the mediotype and stat-track concepts have the potential to help guiding a revolution in the study of vertebrate ichnology and ichnotaxonomy.
منابع مشابه
The ‘mediotype’: a powerful tool for modern ichnology based on 3D models
Vertebrate tracks are subject to a wide range of morphological variation. A single trackmaker may be associated with a range of tracks reflecting individual pedal anatomy and behavioural kinematics mediated through substrate properties which may vary both in space and time. Accordingly, the same trackmaker can leave substantially different morphotypes something which must be considered in creat...
متن کامل3d Ichnology—recovering Digital 3d Models of Dinosaur Footprints
Ichnology deals with the traces of prehistoric organisms and thus with the study of dinosaur footprints and tracks. This paper reports on a reliable and precise methodology developed to integrate high-resolution close range photogrammetry and range sensors for 3D surveys of dinosaur footprints. The 3D footprint and track models recovered here yield a great deal of accurate morphological and mor...
متن کاملDeveloping a BIM-based Spatial Ontology for Semantic Querying of 3D Property Information
With the growing dominance of complex and multi-level urban structures, current cadastral systems, which are often developed based on 2D representations, are not capable of providing unambiguous spatial information about urban properties. Therefore, the concept of 3D cadastre is proposed to support 3D digital representation of land and properties and facilitate the communication of legal owners...
متن کاملA Diachronic study on the Morphology of Mirak Lithic Tools using 3D Geometric Morphometrics and Multivariate Analysis
The study of the morphology of stone artifacts and their spatio-temporal changes in form has gained great importance in Paleolithic archaeology today. This growing attention is due to the prevalent use of advanced multivariate statistical methods in archaeology, the growing connection between archaeologists and the specialists of life sciences (e.g., animal biosystematics) and programming langu...
متن کامل